By Michael Durnan, Regina Magazine - By the time Pope Leo XIII issued his encyclical Humanus Genus in 1884, in which he condemned Freemasonry, eight of his predecessors had already done so… Why, then, did he do this? Pope Leo XIII had been stirred into action by Freemasons who claimed the Church's condemnation of their organisation had been based on false and erroneous information and was excessively severe… In his encyclical, the pope dismissed such claims and classed Freemasonry as a grouping of secret societies in the ‘kingdom of Satan and wished to bring back, after eighteen centuries, the manners and customs of the pagans’.