By Jimmy Akin, EWTN News - Penal substitution is a theory of the atonement that says God literally punished Jesus on the Cross... This theory is problematic because one cannot justly punish an innocent person, and Jesus was innocent. Therefore, for God to literally punish him would be unjust... In a previous post, I discussed how this view relates to other theories of the atonement. In this post, we’ll take a look at a proposed basis in Scripture for penal substitution.