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Andrei Rublev (d. 1430), “Troitsa (The Trinity),” State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow (photo: Public Domain)
John M. Grondelski (Ph.D., Fordham) is former associate dean of the School of Theology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey. He is especially interested in moral theology and the thought of John Paul II. [Note: All views expressed in his National Catholic Register contributions are exclusively the author’s.]
God promised Abraham many offspring. By human logic, that was incredible. But Abraham gave it credence. Yet Abraham and Sarah also decided to take matters into their own hands and “help God along” on the how by having a boy (Ishmael) through Sarah’s Egyptian slave, Hagar. While the union resulted in a child, it also led to familial and clan relations going south.